Introduction of Lathe Machine/Sixteen Types of Information.
Introduction to Lathe Machine: 16 types of lathe machine
Lathe is one of the most widely used machine tools in metal processing. There are different types of machine tools. For those who do not know the industry, it is difficult to distinguish between different types of machine tools. In this paper, we classify from 6 subsystems: control mode, machine structure, usage, processing material, number of tool holders, type of machine parts. Although there are different types of lathe names, cross cases such as gap bed lathe machine also has horizontal lathe, pipe thread lathe also has CNC lathe machine, but it does not affect our understanding of lathe.
Lathe Machine Introduction Types:
According to the control method
- Traditional lathe
- CNC lathe
- Horizontal lathe
- Vertical lathe
- Slate bed lathe
- Crankshaft lathe
- Camshaft lathe
- Wheel lathe, axle lathe
- Roll lathe and ring lathe
- Turning and milling machine tool
- Wheel set lathe
- Pipe three lathe
- Wood working lathe
- Metal cutting lathe
- 1 single tool holder -CNC- lathe double tool holder -CNC- lathe
- Chuck type CNC lathe, top CNC lathe
According to the control method
At present there are two methods of lathe control one is manual control and the other is -CNC- programming control. According to the different methods of control, the lathe is divided into conventional lathe and CNC lathe.
Introduction of Lathe Machine/Sixteen Types of Information.
- Traditional lathe
Normal lathe has a wide processing object, the spindle rotation speed and the amount of feed adjustment range. Can be processed on inner and outer surfaces, end faces, and inner and outer threads of work piece. This type of lathe is mainly operated by the worker. It's easy to do. In the initial stage, the speed is adjusted, the gear is moved, the initial lever is lifted, and then the joystick is pushed forward. The bending device moves forward, pulls backwards, the bending device retreats to the left, and the bending device moves to the left. Left and right are the same. Although the work of a typical vehicle is easy, parts processing is a technical activity, and workers will look at the measurement tools and drawings for processing. When machining small batches of parts, lathe machines have the advantage of higher performance than traditional lathe machines. General purpose lathes have been processed several times, and CNC lathes are still in the programming phase. Because of this feature, the common lathe still has a market, suitable for single piece, small batch preparation and maintenance workshops.
Depending on the height of the lathe center and the distance to the center, it can be divided into different specifications, such as LT6232 and LT6250. In addition to twisting all kinds of rotary work pieces, they can also change different threads, such as metric thread, inch thread, modulus thread, diametric thread and end thread.
To improve the processing diameter of conventional lathes, a bay bed lathe (also called saddle lathe) was derived.
The left side of the gap bed lathe is sunk into the front of the head box and can accommodate large parts of the diameter. The lathe is two heads high, low in the middle, and looks like a saddle, so it is called a saddle lathe. It is suitable for outer circle, inner hole, end face, slot and metric, inch, modules, warp thread, and drilling and boring., Reaming and other processes, especially suitable for single piece, batch production enterprises. The saddle lathe can process large diameter work pieces in the saddle groove. The machine tool guides are hard and fine ground for easy and reliable operation. Lathe features high strength, high speed, strong hardness, high precision and low noise.
Introduction of Lathe Machine/Sixteen Types of Information.
- CNC lathe
Manufactured from CNC lathe lathe, and a program control system is integrated into the main machine. To control the machine, the program is controlled by the program, the machine to complete the whole process cycle to perform the operation according to the specific procedure.
Like traditional lathes, CNC lathes are also used to machine the rotating surface of parts. In general, it can automatically complete outer cylindrical surfaces, conical surfaces, spherical surfaces and thread machining, and can also process some complex rotating surfaces, such as hyper bolides. To improve the processing efficiency, hydraulic lathes are mostly hydraulic, pneumatic and electric chucks.
The CNC lathe has the same shape as the traditional lathe, meaning it has a bed, head stock, a tool holder, feed system, pressure system, cooling and lubrication system. The CNC lathe feeding system differs from the traditional lathe in terms of quality. Traditional lathes have feedboxes and exchange carriers. To realize the feed motion, the CNC lathe uses a servo motor with a ball screw to slide straight and drive the tool holder. The structure of the feed system is very simple.
Today's CNC lathes for microcomputer control are already popular. There are currently two types of CNC lathes, one is a simple microcomputer-powered machine tool, and the other is a computer-based machine tool. During operation, the CNC lathe input calculates according to the program's instructions and enters the calculation results into the drive unit. The control drive calculates according to the device command, applies the calculated result to the drive device, controls the drive device (stepper motor) in the center of the drive device to operate the mechanical transmission mechanism, and the machine operators. Runs the stage. To realize the tool (length and horizontal vehicle) cutting movement.
Introduction of Lathe Machine/Sixteen Types of Information.
According to the structure of the machine
- Horizontal lathe
Horizontal lathes are suitable for processing light work pieces that are not large in diameter but long.
The main feature of the horizontal lathe is that the main axis is parallel to the workbench and it looks as if it is lying on the ground.This is because it is processed by a horizontal lathe chuck and is topped against the work piece. This structure determines that the weight of the work piece cannot be too much. Normally the maximum load is 300 kg, and the heavy duty lathe can bear 1 ton. Processing length is the main advantage of horizontal lathe over vertical lathe.
Processing length is 750mm, 1000mm, 2000mm, 3000mm, 4000mm or even 8000mm and so on.
Introduction of Lathe Machine/Sixteen Types of Information.
- Vertical lathe
The main feature of the vertical lathe is that the spindle stands with the table and the work piece rests on the table. Vertical lathe is suitable for processing heavy work pieces with large diameter and short length. This is because on the vertical lathe, the parts are easy to clamp and align, and the rotary guide between the work table and the base is capable of having a better effect. The smoothness of movement during work is high, so the quality of parts processing is high, but it is difficult to guarantee the quality of these parts when placed on conventional lathes and end lathes.
Usually single column vertical lathe with vertical tool holder and side tool holder. Both holders have separate feedboxes that can run individually or simultaneously for vertical and horizontal passes. Large vertical lathes usually have two uprights. For ease of processing, a two-column vertical lathe typically has two vertical tool holders and a side tool holder. The larger two posters have a side knife holder on each of the two columns.
Introduction of Lathe Machine/Sixteen Types of Information.
- Slate bed lathe
The inclined rail structure makes the lathe harder and easier to remove chips.
According to the purpose of the machine
Crankshaft lathes, wheel lathes, roll lathes and ring lathes, turning and milling machine tools, pipe thread lathes
CNC wheel lathe
CNC wheel lathe is a special machine tool for the machinery and repair of the wheel pair of railway machines. To improve the machine tool performance and cost ratio, a CNC system was developed for the double tool holder of the wheel lathe, and the automatic measurement, tool configuration. It is a fully automatic machining operation mode, and is equipped with an automatic measuring system, which automatically calculates the maximum cutting parameters after measuring the running surface of the wheel for repair.
Roll lathes
Roll lathes are lathes made to handle rolls. Rolls are commonly used on rolling mills.
Turning and milling machine
The comprehensive machining of turning and universal milling machine tool is the most machining process in the world. It is an advanced manufacturing technology. Comprehensive machining is the implementation of many different machining processes on the same machine. Milling and drilling, turning machine. Composite processing is the most widely used and the most difficult combination of twisting and milling.
Introduction of Lathe Machine/Sixteen Types of Information.
- Pipe thread lathe
Pipe thread lathe, also called pipe thread lathe, is a horizontal lathe designed to bend large pipe fittings. Widely used in mechanical processing of machinery manufacturing, petroleum, chemical, coal, geological research, urban water supply and drainage industries, to facilitate clamping and processing of pipe fittings or rods.
According to the processed material
Wood working lathe
Metal cutting lathe
- The metal cutting car is similar to the wooden car in that it is used to cut the work piece by rotating the work piece in contact with the tool.
- How ever, the difference between the two is huge.
- The metal cutting car is similar to the wooden car in that it is used to cut the work piece by rotating the work piece in contact with the tool.
- How ever, the difference between the two is huge.
Classification by basic type of machine parts
Check type CNC lathes
These lathes have no tailstock and are suitable for bending discs (including short shafts). Most clamping methods are electric or hydraulic controls, and the chuck structure has very adjustable jaws or numb jaws (ie soft jaws). )
High CNC lathes
They are suitable for bending long sections and disc sections with small diameters.
In addition, its processing accuracy may vary
The lathe is divided into ordinary lathe, precision lathe and high precision lathe. Precision and high precision lathes are generally based on general precision lathes. Improving the geometric accuracy of the machine, reducing the effects of vibration and heat sources and using high efficiency bearings, the machine has high machining accuracy.
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